Serum S100A4 levels as a novel biomarker for detection of acute myocardial infarction

X.-J. Gong, X.-Y. Song, H. Wei, J. Wang, M. Niu

Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. qyfynm@126.com

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• Cardiology

OBJECTIVE: Myocardial infarction causes significant mortality and morbidity. Timely diagnosis allows clinicians to risk stratify their patients and select appropriate treatment. Biomarkers have been used to assist with timely diagnosis, while an increasing number of novel markers have been identified to predict outcome following an acute myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome. The objective of this study was to determine S100A4 expression in AMI and determine whether S100A4 could be a biomarker for detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We measured circulating S100A4 levels in 173 patients (median age 58.3 years) who presented with first-time AMI 8 hours after the incident. The circulating S100A4 levels in 173 healthy volunteers (median age 57.3 years) was also measured. S100A4 was detected using enzyme immunoassay in both groups.

RESULTS: Serum S100A4 levels were significantly higher in patients with AMI [89.6 (4.3-214.6) pg/ml] compared to controls [11.8 (0-41.5) pg/ml] (p < 0.001). We found that a S100A4 level > 41.5 pg/ml had a Sensitivity 76.3% and specificity 87.5% for predicting AMI. S100A4 revealed the higher sensitivity for diagnosing AMI.

CONCLUSIONS: Elevated S100A4 in plasma may be a novel biomarker for early detection of AMI.

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