Routine laboratory parameters in estimating mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 diagnosed cases followed in the intensive care unit

S. Kutlusoy, E. Koca

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey. drerdinckoca@hotmail.com

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• Infectious Diseases

OBJECTIVE: In this study, our goal was to assess the neutrophil/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte ratios, urea/albumin, lactate, C-reactive protein/albumin procalcitonin/albumin, dehydrogenase/albumin, and protein/albumin rates in 368 critical COVID-19 cases following the entrance to the intensive care unit (ICU) to investigate the effects of biomarkers on prognosis and mortality.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Ethics Committee approved this study carried out in our hospital’s intensive care units between March 2020 and April 2022. 368 patients, 220 (59.8%) male, and 148 (40.2%) female, diagnosed with COVID-19 and aged between 18 and 99 years were included in this research.

RESULTS: The average age of non-survivors was statistically considerably higher than survivors (p<0.05). There was no numerical significance in terms of gender concerning mortality (p>0.05). The duration of ICU stay was statistically considerably prolonged in survivors than in those who did not survive (p<0.05). The leukocytes, neutrophils, urea, creatinine, ferritin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) levels were numerically considerably higher in the non-survivors (p<0.05). The platelet, lymphocyte, protein, and albumin levels statistically considerably declined in non-survivors in comparison with survivors (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Acute renal failure (ARF) increased mortality by 31.815-fold, ferritin by 0.998-fold, pro-BNP by 1-fold, procalcitonin by 574.353-fold, neutrophil/lymphocyte by 1.119-fold, CRP/albumin by 2.141-fold, and protein/albumin by 0.003-fold. It was found that the number of days in the ICU increased mortality by 1.098-fold, creatinine by 0.325-fold, CK by 1.007-fold, urea/albumin by 1.079-fold, and LDH/albumin by 1.008-fold.

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