Serum biomarkers in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection: consolidated evidence and recent developments

G. Vicenti, D. Bizzoca, V. Nappi, V. Pesce, G. Solarino, M. Carrozzo, F. Moretti, F. Dicuonzo, B. Moretti

Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs. Orthopaedic & Trauma Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, AOU Consorziale “Policlinico”, Bari, Italy. dott.gvicenti@gmail.com

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• Infectious Diseases
• Orthopedics

Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) represents one of the leading causes of revision prosthetic surgery, accounting for 25% of failed Total Knee Replacement (TKR) and 15% of failed Total Hip Replacement (THR). The search for a biomarker that, together with clinical and radiological findings, could improve the management of such a kind of patients is currently a big challenge for orthopaedic surgeons.
This review aims (1) to assess the accuracy and the limitations of the traditional (Serum Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate, C-reactive Protein, Procalcitonin, Interleukin 6, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha), (2) and to analyse the emerging serum biomarkers (Presepsin, Toll-like Receptor 2, soluble urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor, Chemokine Ligand 2 and Osteopontin) in the diagnosis of PJI.
A special attention will be given to the emerging serum biomarkers, that could play an important role as first-line investigations, in the screening of PJI in a close future.

Published on: 2019/04/09

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