Disulfiram, as a candidate NF-κB and proteasome inhibitor, prevents endometriotic implant growing in a rat model of endometriosis

O. Celik, A. Ersahin, M. Acet, N. Celik, Y. Baykus, R. Deniz, E. Ozerol, I. Ozerol

Private Clinic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Usak, Turkey. celiksudenaz@gmail.com

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• Pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: Disulfiram (DSF) exerts its therapeutic effects through oxidative, proteasome, and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) pathways. The study was planned to test the impact of DSF on growing of endometriotic implants in rats with experimentally induced endometriosis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were labeled as the control (n = 8), sham (n = 6), GnRH-agonist (n = 8) and the DSF (n = 8) groups. The rats in the group 3 exposed to single dose leuprolide acetate. The rats in group 4 were treated with DSF for 21 days. The serum activity of oxidant and antioxidant markers, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined. Implants were processed for NF-κB, PCNA, and CD34 immunostaining.

RESULTS: The serum concentration of malondialdehyde in the DSF group was significantly higher than those in other groups. The concentration of TAS, TNF-α, and interleukin-1β in the DSF group considerably decreased compared to control group. Following treatment with DSF while the percentage of Grade 1 and 2 implants increased the percentage of Grade 3 and 4 implants decreased. The implants disappeared totally in two cases in the DSF group and one case in the GnRH-agonist group. The mean H-Scores of implant NF-κB and PCNA in DSF treated animals were found to significantly lower than those of the control group.

CONCLUSIONS: By decreasing NF-κB expression, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation DSF prevents the growth of endometriotic implants.

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