Age-, sex- and glucose-dependent correlation of plasma soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 concentration with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis

D.-W. Chen, Y. Jin, R.-M. Zhao, L.-J. Long, J. Zhang, C.-L. Han, A. Roivainen, J. Knuuti, S. Jalkanen, J.-C. Wang

Geriatric Institute, the General Hospital of the Air Force, PLA (the Chinese People’s Liberation Army), Haidian District, Beijing, China. kzdw66@sohu.com

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• Metabolism

OBJECTIVE: Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) may act as a biomarker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The associations of sVAP-1 concentration with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis at the population level have not been reported.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 834 asymptomatic subjects (49.1 ± 9.3 years). sVAP-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).

RESULTS: sVAP-1 increased with age. Women had a higher concentration than men in age > 40 years. In women, sVAP-1 was negatively associated with estradiol (p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). In men, sVAP-1 was negatively associated with apolipoprotein A (ApoA) (p < 0.01), alcohol intake (p < 0.01) and uric acid (p < 0.05), but positively associated with ApoB/ApoA (p < 0.05). In hyperglycemia subjects, sVAP-1 positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.05) and hemoglobin A1c (p < 0.05), but in normoglycemic subjects, sVAP-1 negatively correlated with BMI (p < 0.01), triglyceride (p < 0.05), alcohol intake (p < 0.05). sVAP-1 independently influenced CIMT (β = 0.001, p = 0.040) and carotid plaques [odds ratio 1.380 (95% confidence interval 1.051-1.813, p = 0.021)] in hyperglycemia, and baPWV (β = 31.605, p = 0.014) in age > 55 years.

CONCLUSIONS: sVAP-1 concentration correlates with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in an age-, sex- and glucose-dependent manner.

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