Clinical peri-implant outcomes, technical complications, and patient satisfaction with single vs. splinted crown supported implants in the anterior mandible region of diabetic individuals

H.I. Tulbah, M. Alrabiah, H.S. AlRumaih, A.M.A. Aleisa, J. Kishore, F. Vohra, T. Abduljabbar

Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. tajabbar@ksu.edu.sa

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• Dentistry

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and radiographic peri-implant parameters around narrow diameter implants (NDI) supported single (NDISCs) and splinted crowns (NDISPs) in the anterior maxilla of non-diabetics and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and radiographic parameters of NDISC and NDISP were assessed in the anterior mandibular jaw of T2DM and non-diabetic individuals. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD) and crestal bone levels were recorded. Technical complications and patient satisfaction were also assessed. ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance) was used to compare the inter-group means of clinical indices and radiographic bone loss while Shapiro-Wilk was used to compute the normal distribution of dependent variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS: Sixty-three patients (35 males and 28 females) were part of the study out of which 32 were non-diabetics and 31 were T2DM patients. A total of 188 implants (124 NDISCs and 64 NDISPs) having moderately roughened topography were used for the study. The mean glycated hemoglobin in the non-diabetic group was 4.3 while that in the T2DM group was 7.9 with an average diabetic history of 8.6 years. Peri-implant parameters, including PI, BoP, and PD, were comparable between the single crown and splinted crown groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference in PI, BoP, and PD when a comparison was made between the non-diabetes and T2DM groups (p<0.05). An overall 88% of the patients were satisfied with the esthetics of the crowns while 75% of the subjects were satisfied with the function of the crowns.

CONCLUSIONS: Narrow diameter implants of both types had satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes within non-diabetic and diabetic individuals. However, clinical and radiographic parameters were worse in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients when compared to non-diabetics.

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